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Header module.
Provides access to @header in the mixed-into class as a hash-like object, except with case-insensitive keys. Also provides methods for accessing commonly-used header values in a more convenient format.
Returns the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key. For example, a key of “Content-Type” might return “text/html”
# File net/http.rb, line 1316
def [](key)
a = @header[key.downcase] or return nil
a.join(', ')
end
Sets the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key.
# File net/http.rb, line 1322
def []=(key, val)
unless val
@header.delete key.downcase
return val
end
@header[key.downcase] = [val]
end
Adds header field instead of replace. Second argument val must
be a String. See also #[]=, #[] and get_fields.
request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'a' p request['X-My-Header'] #=> "a" p request.get_fields('X-My-Header') #=> ["a"] request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'b' p request['X-My-Header'] #=> "a, b" p request.get_fields('X-My-Header') #=> ["a", "b"] request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'c' p request['X-My-Header'] #=> "a, b, c" p request.get_fields('X-My-Header') #=> ["a", "b", "c"]
# File net/http.rb, line 1345
def add_field(key, val)
if @header.key?(key.downcase)
@header[key.downcase].push val
else
@header[key.downcase] = [val]
end
end
Set the Authorization: header for “Basic” authorization.
# File net/http.rb, line 1618
def basic_auth(account, password)
@header['authorization'] = [basic_encode(account, password)]
end
Returns “true” if the “transfer-encoding” header is present and set to “chunked”. This is an HTTP/1.1 feature, allowing the the content to be sent in “chunks” without at the outset stating the entire content length.
# File net/http.rb, line 1518
def chunked?
return false unless @header['transfer-encoding']
field = self['Transfer-Encoding']
(/(?:\A|[^\-\w])chunked(?![\-\w])/ =~ field) ? true : false
end
# File net/http.rb, line 1632
def connection_close?
tokens(@header['connection']).include?('close') or
tokens(@header['proxy-connection']).include?('close')
end
# File net/http.rb, line 1637
def connection_keep_alive?
tokens(@header['connection']).include?('keep-alive') or
tokens(@header['proxy-connection']).include?('keep-alive')
end
Returns an Integer object which represents the Content-Length: header field
or nil if that field is not provided.
# File net/http.rb, line 1499
def content_length
return nil unless key?('Content-Length')
len = self['Content-Length'].slice(/\d+/) or
raise HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'wrong Content-Length format'
len.to_i
end
# File net/http.rb, line 1506
def content_length=(len)
unless len
@header.delete 'content-length'
return nil
end
@header['content-length'] = [len.to_i.to_s]
end
Returns a Range object which represents Content-Range: header field. This indicates, for a partial entity body, where this fragment fits inside the full entity body, as range of byte offsets.
# File net/http.rb, line 1527
def content_range
return nil unless @header['content-range']
m = %r<bytes\s+(\d+)-(\d+)/(\d+|\*)>.match(self['Content-Range']) or
raise HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'wrong Content-Range format'
m[1].to_i .. m[2].to_i
end
Returns a content type string such as “text/html”. This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist.
# File net/http.rb, line 1542
def content_type
return nil unless main_type()
if sub_type()
then "#{main_type()}/#{sub_type()}"
else main_type()
end
end
Removes a header field.
# File net/http.rb, line 1413
def delete(key)
@header.delete(key.downcase)
end
As for each_header, except the keys are provided in capitalized form.
# File net/http.rb, line 1428
def each_capitalized
block_given? or return enum_for(__method__)
@header.each do |k,v|
yield capitalize(k), v.join(', ')
end
end
Iterates for each capitalized header names.
# File net/http.rb, line 1397
def each_capitalized_name #:yield: +key+
block_given? or return enum_for(__method__)
@header.each_key do |k|
yield capitalize(k)
end
end
Iterates for each header names and values.
# File net/http.rb, line 1379
def each_header #:yield: +key+, +value+
block_given? or return enum_for(__method__)
@header.each do |k,va|
yield k, va.join(', ')
end
end
Iterates for each header names.
# File net/http.rb, line 1389
def each_name(&block) #:yield: +key+
block_given? or return enum_for(__method__)
@header.each_key(&block)
end
Iterates for each header values.
# File net/http.rb, line 1405
def each_value #:yield: +value+
block_given? or return enum_for(__method__)
@header.each_value do |va|
yield va.join(', ')
end
end
Returns the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key. Returns
the default value args, or the result of the block, or raises
an IndexErrror if there’s no header field named key See
Hash#fetch
# File net/http.rb, line 1373
def fetch(key, *args, &block) #:yield: +key+
a = @header.fetch(key.downcase, *args, &block)
a.kind_of?(Array) ? a.join(', ') : a
end
Returns an array of header field strings corresponding to the
case-insensitive key. This method allows you to get
duplicated header fields without any processing. See also #[].
p response.get_fields('Set-Cookie') #=> ["session=al98axx; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23", "query=rubyscript; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23"] p response['Set-Cookie'] #=> "session=al98axx; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23, query=rubyscript; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23"
# File net/http.rb, line 1364
def get_fields(key)
return nil unless @header[key.downcase]
@header[key.downcase].dup
end
# File net/http.rb, line 1299
def initialize_http_header(initheader)
@header = {}
return unless initheader
initheader.each do |key, value|
warn "net/http: warning: duplicated HTTP header: #{key}" if key?(key) and $VERBOSE
@header[key.downcase] = [value.strip]
end
end
true if key header exists.
# File net/http.rb, line 1418
def key?(key)
@header.key?(key.downcase)
end
Returns a content type string such as “text”. This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist.
# File net/http.rb, line 1552
def main_type
return nil unless @header['content-type']
self['Content-Type'].split(';').first.to_s.split('/')[0].to_s.strip
end
Set Proxy-Authorization: header for “Basic” authorization.
# File net/http.rb, line 1623
def proxy_basic_auth(account, password)
@header['proxy-authorization'] = [basic_encode(account, password)]
end
Returns an Array of Range objects which represents Range: header field, or
nil if there is no such header.
# File net/http.rb, line 1444
def range
return nil unless @header['range']
self['Range'].split(/,/).map {|spec|
m = /bytes\s*=\s*(\d+)?\s*-\s*(\d+)?/.match(spec) or
raise HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "wrong Range: #{spec}"
d1 = m[1].to_i
d2 = m[2].to_i
if m[1] and m[2] then d1..d2
elsif m[1] then d1..-1
elsif m[2] then -d2..-1
else
raise HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range is not specified'
end
}
end
The length of the range represented in Content-Range: header.
# File net/http.rb, line 1535
def range_length
r = content_range() or return nil
r.end - r.begin + 1
end
Set Content-Type: header field by type and
params. type must be a String,
params must be a Hash.
# File net/http.rb, line 1582
def set_content_type(type, params = {})
@header['content-type'] = [type + params.map{|k,v|"; #{k}=#{v}"}.join('')]
end
Set header fields and a body from HTML form data. params
should be a Hash containing HTML form data. Optional argument
sep means data record separator.
This method also set Content-Type: header field to application/x-www-form-urlencoded.
Example:
http.form_data = {"q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en"} http.form_data = {"q" => ["ruby", "perl"], "lang" => "en"} http.set_form_data({"q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en"}, ';')
# File net/http.rb, line 1600
def set_form_data(params, sep = '&')
self.body = params.map {|k, v| encode_kvpair(k, v) }.flatten.join(sep)
self.content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
end
Set Range: header from Range (arg r) or beginning index and length from it (arg idx&len).
req.range = (0..1023) req.set_range 0, 1023
# File net/http.rb, line 1466
def set_range(r, e = nil)
unless r
@header.delete 'range'
return r
end
r = (r...r+e) if e
case r
when Numeric
n = r.to_i
rangestr = (n > 0 ? "0-#{n-1}" : "-#{-n}")
when Range
first = r.first
last = r.last
last -= 1 if r.exclude_end?
if last == -1
rangestr = (first > 0 ? "#{first}-" : "-#{-first}")
else
raise HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range.first is negative' if first < 0
raise HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range.last is negative' if last < 0
raise HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'must be .first < .last' if first > last
rangestr = "#{first}-#{last}"
end
else
raise TypeError, 'Range/Integer is required'
end
@header['range'] = ["bytes=#{rangestr}"]
r
end
Returns a content type string such as “html”. This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist or sub-type is not given (e.g. “Content-Type: text”).
# File net/http.rb, line 1560
def sub_type
return nil unless @header['content-type']
main, sub = *self['Content-Type'].split(';').first.to_s.split('/')
return nil unless sub
sub.strip
end
Returns a Hash consist of header names and values.
# File net/http.rb, line 1423
def to_hash
@header.dup
end
Returns content type parameters as a Hash as like {“charset” => “iso-2022-jp”}.
# File net/http.rb, line 1569
def type_params
result = {}
list = self['Content-Type'].to_s.split(';')
list.shift
list.each do |param|
k, v = *param.split('=', 2)
result[k.strip] = v.strip
end
result
end
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